Carbureter.



0. S. VIGNESS.

CARBURETEH. APPLICATION FILED AUG. 28 1915.

1,206,552. Patented 0@t.10,1916.'

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ORRIN S. YIGNESS, OF NORTHEIEL, IIlINNESG'JA.A

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Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Got. 10, 1916.

Application ler August 28, 1915. Serial 1 o. 47,839.

-Improvements in Carbureters, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a carburetor for use in connection with internal combus-v tion engines, and particularly to a carbureter designed especially for use in connection with kerosene and like comparatively heavy volatile liquid hydrocarbon fuels, whereby such fuel may be atomized and combined with air and an additional oxygen furnishing agent viz., water, to form a proper fuel mixture.

The primary object of the invention is to provide a carbureter which-is suthcient for the stated purpose. p

A further object of the invention is to provide a carbureter which is simple of construction, comparatively inexpensive of production, and adapted to regulate the supply of kerosene, air and water in proper proportion according to the weight of the load on the engine, and to vary the admission of the elements ofthe fuel mixture in definite ratio to each other. f

A still further object of the invention is to provide the carbureter -by means of which the kerosene, air and water in proper proportions may be combined in an atomized condition with the hydrocarbon to provide an eiiicient fuel mixture, and which embodies novel and improved means for controlling and regulating the admission of the hydrocarbon and water in denite quantities as required by the engine.

' The invention consists of the features of construction, combination and arrangement of parts herein fully described and claimed, reference being had to the accompanying drawings in which Figurel is a top plan view f-,a carbureter constructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal section through the carbureter, showing the sage of bolts to secure the same to the engine manifold.

The lsupply of air to the carbureter for flow with the fuel agent to the engine is controlled by a valve or damper 5, consistingof a circular disk mounted upon a vertical shaft or stem 6', for oscillation to control 'I the supply of air to the` outlet end of the earbureter casing.

The hydrocarbon fuel agent such as kerosene, is supplied to the carbureter through a suitable supply pipe (not shown) which is connected with a nipple 7 communicating with the lower end of a guide tube 8 extending upwardly through a -loat valve cham-- Extending downwardly'.

ber or casing 9.

into this tube 8, which is in ycommunication through slots or perforations 10 with the l or nozzle 11, which is supported from the interior ofthe float chamber, is a jet tube carburetor casing and communicatesatits Y upper .end with the latter ata-.point between the outlet `3 and air valve 5. The uppg'err.I

end of thistube 11 is tapered to fornita valve seat adapted .to be engaged by the f tapered lower end of a fuel controllingJ valve 12, which works within a threaded opening in the top of the casing 1 and eX- tends outwardly therethrough. A fuel feed or cut-off valve 13 controls-communications between the nipple Z and interior 'of the. lioat chamber, which latter contains a constant store or supply of the hydrocarbonfuel 14, the stem of the valve 13I being con-` ply pipe (not shown) leading from a suitable source. with the lower end of a guide tube 17 disposed within a float chamber 18, and into which depends a jet tube or nozzle 19 supported byand communicatingat its upper end with the interior of the carburetor and provided with a tapered seat for engagement with the lower end of a water controlling valve 2O having a threaded engagement with the'top of the casing and extending outwardly therethrough. A check valve 21 is provided to control and cut oil1 the feed lof water from the sourceto the chamber 18, A4which' contains a determined quantity of This nipple 'communicates Water 22, and the stem of this valve is connected with a float 23 rising and falling uqth the level of the water to control the Valve 2l. The chambers 9 and 1S are provided with air vents 9 and lS, respectively, for an obvious purpose.

In practice,`a definite proportion of air is admitted to the carbureter for a mixture with the atomized kerosene, and with this air is.entrained a determined amount of moisture, formed by atomized water from the water float compartment, so that a fuel mixture rich 1n an oxygen furnishing agent i will be furnished to support combustion during the entire period of the explosion and consumption of the fuel charge. The por tion .of the carbureter casing between the outlet 3 and valve 5 constitutes a carbureting chamber 24, in which the elements of the fuel mixture are commingled prior to their admission into the engine cylinder, and in the working of the engine charges ofthe fuel mixture are drawn at proper intervals into the cylinder by the suction of the piston, the` amount of the hydrocarbon and air being controlled in regulated proportions according to the load on the engine, while the supi ply of moisture is governed automatically by the velocity of the air flowing through the carbureting chamber.

The valve 20 acv cordingly remains open in the operationof carbure'ter is thrown outof action theearbureter and is closed only when the for any considerable period of time, it being understood that the\column of air on its `flow through vthe carbureter produces a partial vacuum of greater or less degree in the tube 19, by which more or less of the water is '-,drawn upward from the chamber 22 and jetted from the tube in an atpmi'zed condition, in which condition it passes into the carbureter chamber with the air and comlid bines with the atomized hydrocarbon to form the fuel mixture. It will be understood that the valves 13 and 2l close automatically under the action of' the ioats when the liquid in each reservoir reaches the predetermined level.

In the normal action of the carburetor the valves 5 and 12 are closed at the beginning of the suction stroke of the piston, and on such stroke a partial vacuum is formed in the chamber 24, and the valves 5 and l2 are opened by their actuating means, whereupon a delinite amount of the hydrocarbon, dependent upon the degree of suction and the extent of opening movement of the valve 12, is drawn intosaid chamber 24 through the tube 1,1 in an atomized condition, and this atomized hydrocarbon is commingled with the air and moistureal'so drawn intogthe chamber 15 by the suction of the piston'the atomiacd hydrocarbon being thus saturated with air and moisture, so that a fuel charge rich 1n oxygen furnishing agents, the water ,fm-nishing an added supply of oxygen will bc produced, whereby the use of kerosene and other like heavier hydrocarbons may be employed with efficiency.

Connected. with the stem of the air valve is a lever or crank member 25, having arms 2G and 27. rl"he arm 2G is designed to be coupled to a suitable operating device whereby said arm may be moved to adjust thevalves as desired. Connected with the stem of the valve 12 is a crank arm 28, and pivotally coupled to bolts 29 and 30 carried' by the lever arm 27 and thc crank arm 28 are divided sections 30 and 31 of a coupling link, which are adjustably connected by a ,A turn buckle 32. The bolt 29 is movable in `a longitudinal slot 33 in the lever arm 27 and is carried by a block 34 adjustable along said slot by means of an adjusting screw 35. It will thus be understood that the vlever and crank arm are coupled for movement in unison to open the kerosene and air valvesA together or close Athem together, and that by means of the turn buckle the length of the link may be varied to change the lead of one of the valves with respect to the other or to adapt them to close at the same time, while by adjusting the bolt 29 along the slot 33 the edective length of the lever arm 27 may be varied to vary the proportion of air, as well as its velocity, to the amount of fuel being supplied, such action also governing the amount of supplied moisture automatically. dVthen the engine is running Without load or nearly shut off, the velocity of the air is small, and. hence-very little or no water is picked up, while When running at full load or Wide open the velocity of the .air is correspondingly increased, as is also the amount of moisture 105 picked up, this being true also of the kerosene supplied to the carbureting chamber on .each suction stroke of the piston. The relative arrangement of the parts described is of importance, in that by placing the moisturel 110 supplying means so as to be governed and operated byfiowing air the necessity of employing positive controlling devices for this purpose is avoided, while a better atomization of the moisture is effected, and by dis- 115 posing the air valve at a point between the hydrocarbon and water intakes provision is made for the formation of a vacuum in the chamber 2Lland the supply of air and the government of its velocity dependent 120 upon theamouut of fuel oil drawn into the carbureter under the action of the engine, -Whcmby maximum efficiency is secured.

Ina carbureter, the combination of a. tu-- 125 bular casing having an air inlet end and a fuel discharge end, an air controlling valve at a point between said ends, water and hydrocarbon supply chambers arranged 'upon the underside of 4 said tube in respective 130 1,200,552 ggg proximity to the air inlet and fuel discharge ends thereof, said chambers being provided with inlet ports, nozzles communicating with said chambers and extending into the casing, 'Alves upon lthe casing :1nd controlling said nozzles, slotted tubes Within the water and hydrocarbon elnunbers, floats within said chambers and in guided connoction with said tubes, vulves wntrolledby said floats und goyerning said inlet ports7 l i :uid Inenns lor adjusting the nir and hydrocarbon rontrolling vulves in Nnimn.

ln testimony whereof l :lllix my signature. in presenrv oi two \\'itnes Oli-RIN nl \f'l(.\`lSf` Witnesses:

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